Skip to main content
PHYSIOLOGICAL DISORDERS OF APPLE
BITTER PIT
—Symptoms – small brown lesions of 2-10mm in diameter. The tissue below the skin becomes dark and corky.
—Highly susceptible varieties- Granny smith, yellow Newton, Northern Spy
—Less susceptible varieties-Golden Delicious, Mc-Intosh
—Causes-due to deficiency of calcium and unbalanced nitrogen supply.

—Control –summer sprays  of  calcium chloride and calcium nitrate.
CORK SPOT
—Symptoms –a small bushed area on the skin of the fruit. Similar to bitter pit but with much deep spots in the flesh.
—Causes – both boron and calcium deficiency.
Control- combination of nitrogen and calcium spray is useful
SCALD
—Symptoms – irregular  rough brown patches of dead skin on the fruit. Symptoms develop from the previous injury which occurred during   cold storage.
—Highly susceptible varieties-  Granny Smith, Rome Beauty
—Less susceptible varieties- Gala, Fuji.
—Causes –due to hot, dry weather before harvest. High nitrogen and low calcium concentration in the fruit also causes this  disorder.
—Control –antioxidants like Ethoxyquin and Diphenylamine. Ethylene scrubbers and low oxygen storage.
WATER CORE
—Symptoms-water soaked regions in the flesh hard and glassy in appearance, water soaked areas near the core, infected fruit may smell and taste fermented.
—Susceptible varieties- Stayman, Jonathan, Suntan
—Causes- large fruit, high leaf to fruit ratio, high nitrogen and boron and low calcium, Excessive thinning.
Control- avoid delayed harvests. Matured fruit should be cut to look for water core. Donot store in CA storage for longer duration market it quickly
CORE FLUSH OR BROWN CORE
—Symptoms- slight discoloration between the seed cavities. Flesh around the core becomes rather brown.
—No sharp demarcations between healthy and affected portion of flesh.
—Causes- due to low temperature storage at 1oc to 2oc and due to increase in potassium level.
—Control- store the fruit in the storage having  1 % of oxygen.
JONATHAN SPOT
—Symptoms- depressed spots of dark brown to black colour formed on the skin.
—Causes- high level of boron. earlier maturation.
Control-spraying of 0.5 – 0.7 % of CaCl2 few weeks

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

🍀HOME GARDEN🍀 Author:- G.keerthana

HOME GARDENING  Article by :- G.keerthana . Growing your own vegetables can be fun as well as rewarding. All you need to get started is - some decent soil and few plants and this way you provide fresh healthy vegetables.         My own home garden  A good home gardening plan may include selecting the right location, determining the size of the garden, deciding upon the types and varieties of vegetables to plant.  It must be noted that there are many vegetables that can be grown in pots. How to begin with Home Gardening: Site selection. Size of the garden. Deciding on what to grow. Location of vegetables in the garden. Time for plantation. Gardening images of my own garden: Uses of Home gardening:- Improve your health. Consuming more fresh fruits and vegetables is one of the most important things you can do to stay healthy. Save money on groceries. Get outdoor exercise. Gardening is a natural stress reliever. May lower the stress level. If you're digging, hau
5 comments
Read more
Mahua Mahua (Bassia latifolia), is an indigenous tree of high economic value. A characteristic tree of the dry region, it is found in north and central India. It commonly grows in eastern Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, Orissa, Andhra Pradesh and Gujarat. The tree is very well known to rural folk since ages in India. Its flowers, fruits, and oil obtained from seeds are eaten in various ways. The ‘corolla’ commonly called mahua flowers, are a rich source of sugar containing appreciable amount of vitamins and minerals. Fruit, a berry, is eaten as raw or cooked. Pulp is a good source of sugar, whereas dry husk makes a good source of absolute alcohol. Seed is a good source of oil. The linoleic, a major unsaturated fatty acid found in mahua oil, is used in reducing the cholesterol content in blood serum, making its oil quite useful for heart patients. Climate and soil Mahua prefers tropical and subtropical climate. It can withstand drought admirably. The trees of Ba
8 comments
Read more

Landscape design for beginners article by Rupa kumari

Planning and designing of your outdoor Space start your plan: Draw a bird's-eye view of your property, noting the placement of all the man-made features (called hardscape) such as buildings, fences, driveways, stonewalls, etc. Boulders, trees, and large shrubs combine with your hardscape to form the "bones" of your landscape. Using graph paper helps, but you don't have to agonize over exact measurements, a sketch that is roughly in proportion will be fine. Make sure to include the location of your well, septic system, or any buried utility lines. Orient your lot on the compass and note where your sunny and shady spots are. Make a wishlist: Once you know what you've already got, you can move on to making a list of what you'd like to have. How do you want your garden to look? Start with a few general goals. For example: Do you want privacy for a patio area? Do you want to screen an ugly view? Is your top priority curb appeal/resale-value
Post a Comment
Read more