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INTRODUCTION OF ORCHID 
Orchids are monocotyledonous, perennial herbs belonging to orchidaceae family
Orchids are accepted to world’s most exotic & fascinating flowers
Valued for their long spikes which display a variety of colours & long vase life
 Ranks first in global trade of tropical cut flowers & 13th in total cut flower trade in  international market

  ORIGIN & DISTRIBUTION
Ø  
Ø    Orchidaceae- 800 genera & 25,000 sp. 

around the world.

Ø    India is home to about 1,300 sp. (about 

800 sp. in NEH region).
Three major orchid growing regions 
in the world-
Ø
          i).  Tropical American Zone :  SE Brazil, NW 
\Bolivia, Western    Venezuela, Central America- Cattleya & Oncidium.
         
          ii). Tropical Africa :  Home to 

Angraecoides.
         
         iii). Indo- Myanmarese & Southern Asiatic

 region : The Himalayas, Myanmar, Thailand, 

Malaysia, Indonesia - Cymbidium,

Dendrobium, Vanda, Paphiopedilum & 

phalaenopsis.

         INDIA – Kerala, Western ghats, Kashmir
, North eastern hills


 Importance & economic value of Orchids
•Orchids as cut flower: At present orchids cut

 flower trade is a multi million dollar business.
•
• Phytochemicals from orchids: Several 


alkaloids are extracted from many orchids species.

                 - Dendrobine- Dendrobium Sp.
                 - Shihunine- Dendrobium nobile.
                 - Malaxine – Malaxis congesta
•
•Orchids as spice, flavoring agent & food:

      - Flavoring agent- Vanilla planifolia.
      - Roots, tubers, rhizomes- food in Asia, Africa

 

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